Computer Fundamentals and Applications Important Questions

BCA First Semester Computer Fundamentals and Applications Important Questions For Exam Preparations.

Chapter 1: Introduction to Computer

1. Define a computer. Explain any five characteristics of a computer with examples.
2. What is the anatomy (block diagram) of a digital computer? Explain each unit in detail.
3. Explain the different types of computers on the basis of size, principle, brand, and purpose.
4. What is computer generation? Explain the features and examples of each generation.
5. Write short notes on: Abacus, Pascaline, Napier’s Bone, and Analytical Engine.
6. What are the applications of computers in different fields?
7. Explain the diligence and versatility features of a computer.

Chapter 2: Computer Hardware

1. Describe the basic organization and architecture of a computer system.
2. What are the main components of CPU (ALU, CU, Registers)? Explain each.
3. What is clock speed of CPU? Explain the fetch cycle with a suitable diagram.
4. Explain computer memory hierarchy with primary and secondary memory.
5. Differentiate between static and dynamic RAM.
6. What is cache memory? Explain ROM, EPROM, and BIOS.
7. Explain the motherboard and its main parts (BIOS, SMPS, CMOS, ports, slots).
8. Explain different types of buses: data bus, address bus, and control bus.
9. What is a hardcopy device? Explain the working of dot-matrix, laser, and inkjet printers.
10. Differentiate between impact and non-impact printers.

Chapter 3: Computer Software

1. Define computer software. Explain types of software with examples.
2. Differentiate between system software and application software.
3. What is an operating system? Explain its major functions.
4. Define CLI and GUI-based operating systems. Explain types of operating systems.
5. What is utility software? Justify its importance with examples.
6. What is a computer virus? Explain symptoms and prevention techniques.
7. What is a language translator? Explain its types (assembler, compiler, interpreter).
8. Explain any five DOS commands with syntax and examples (ATTRIB, XCOPY, MKDIR, MOVE, DEL).
9. Differentiate between multithreading and multitasking operating systems.

Chapter 4: Database Management System

1. What is DBMS? Explain its advantages over a flat-file system.
2. Explain types of database models (Hierarchical, Network, Relational, ER) with merits and demerits.
3. How does the relational model represent data and relationships? Explain with a diagram.
4. Who is a DBA? Explain the major roles and responsibilities of a Database Administrator.
5. What is data warehousing? Explain its advantages and disadvantages.
6. What is data mining? Describe its techniques and applications.
7. What is big data? Explain its 5 Vs (Volume, Velocity, Variety, Veracity, Value).
8. Explain SQL and NoSQL with differences.

Chapter 5: Computer Network and Internet

1. Define computer network. Why do organizations need it?
2. Explain different types of LAN topologies with advantages and disadvantages.
3. Describe types of networks (LAN, MAN, WAN) with examples.
4. Explain transmission media and various network devices (hub, switch, router, modem, repeater).
5. What is OSI model? Explain all seven layers and how data flows through them.
6. What is an internet protocol? Explain two different e-mail protocols (SMTP, POP3/IMAP).
7. What is DNS? Differentiate between intranet and extranet.
8. What is WWW? Differentiate between intranet, extranet, and internet.
9. What is e-commerce? Explain its benefits and types.
10. What is a proxy server? Write its benefits in an organization.

Chapter 6: Computer Security

1. What is computer security? Why is it important in IT?
2. Explain different types of security threats and attacks in detail.
3. What is malicious software? Explain types of viruses and malware.
4. What do you mean by cryptography? Explain its types with examples.
5. What is a firewall? Explain its working and types.
6. What is cloud computing? Explain its service models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS).
7. What is user authentication? Explain intrusion detection systems.

Chapter 7: Contemporary Technology

1. What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)? Explain its applications in different fields.
2. What is Machine Learning? Explain its types and difference from traditional programming.
3. Explain Blockchain technology and its applications including Bitcoin.
4. What is IoT (Internet of Things)? Explain its uses and applications.
5. Define Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR). How do they differ?
6. What is a Neural Network? Explain its basic concept.

MS Word

1. What is a word processor? Explain major functions in the Home tab.
2. Explain major functions in the Layout tab of MS Word.
3. What is mail merge? Explain its uses and steps.
4. Explain major functions in the Review tab of a word document.
5. Explain font control tools in a word processing package.

MS Excel

1. Write formulas to calculate Achievement%, Grade, and Average in a production data table.
2. Write formulas for an electricity bill: Consumption, Price (slab rates), Discount, Total Amount, Max/Min Consumption.
3. For a student mark-ledger: write formulas for Total, Percentage, Result, Grade, Rank, and Remarks.
4. Write Excel formulas for a salary sheet: Service Tax, Income Tax, Net Salary based on given conditions.
5. Explain types of charts in MS Excel and when to use each.

MS PowerPoint

1. What is PowerPoint? Differentiate between Slide Sorter view and Slide Show view.
2. What are the advantages of using Slide Master in PowerPoint?
3. What is animation in PowerPoint? Explain its uses.

DOS Commands (Practical)

1. Write DOS commands to: create directories/sub-directories, create text files, rename, copy, move, delete files/folders, display IP address, hide files, search by extension.
2. Explain with syntax and example: DIR, TREE, COPY, XCOPY, MOVE, DEL, RD, MD, RENAME, ATTRIB, CHKDSK.

⚠️ Important Note: This question list is prepared for reference purposes only. It does not guarantee that these exact questions will appear in your exam. Please always follow your teacher’s guidance and study according to the official syllabus provided by Tribhuvan University.

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